The soul of a traditional martial art
The forms of TaeKwonDo are generally referred to as traditional Korean forms. This is due primarily to the fact that these forms have little or no alterations from their original creation. These forms are also traditional in the light that much of the symbolism used in earlier times remains an important part of the significance of the forms.
Symbols have been an important part of Korean culture for centuries. Before written language the use of symbols was a common occurrence in everyday life for people. Instructors of the Korean arts of self-defense have used a variety of symbols to pass on the secrets of the forms that they train in to their students. Instructors taught their students symbols which include animals such as birds and snakes, flowers, plants, and insects, all to help the person to gain a clear image and understanding of what technique can be applied in a situation, where the technique may have originated from, and the successful use of the technique.
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Many of the forms represent different animals from nature. The different movements of the form symbolize characteristics and traits of the animals that are represented in the form. Hand movements can represent the fluttering and flapping of a birds wings. Striking with the fingers can represent the snake using it's fangs to strike or a bird attacking with its beak. One-legged stances are like birds standing on one leg representing patience and balance. Many forms techniques are derived in this way. Some of the techniques may even be associated with the killing techniques of the many different birds and animals found in the different regions.
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At times there is a misunderstanding about the name of a form. Although many of the forms are represented by animals and other symbols, the names don't always translate to the symbol that is represented in the forms.
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Often times the name of the form is associated with a person who first taught it in the area or place where the form may have been popularized. For example the Naihanchi (Chulgi) forms are thus named because they are the first forms from the city of Na Ha. Jion is named after the Jion temple in China. Jindo (Chinto), Kang Sang Koon, and Whang Shu are all named after the man who popularized the forms.
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TaeKwonDo forms have many strong linear attacks and defenses as well as
circular motions used in them. This mixture gives the forms a blend of powerful,
quick, and smooth techniques that are represented by different symbols from nature.
Kibon Hyung | A series of five basic forms | |
Pyung Ahn | A series of five advanced forms | |
Naihanchi Cho Dan (Chulgi Cho Dan) | First in a series of three Iron Horse forms | |
Naihanchi Yee Dan (Chulgi Yee Dan) | Second in a series of three Iron Horse forms | |
Bassai | Cobra form, series of two | |
Naihanchi Sam Dan (Chulgi Sam Dan) | Third in a series of three Horse forms | |
Kang Sang Koon | Eagle form, series of two | |
Sipsoo (Ship Soo) | Bear form | |
Jindo (Chinto) | Crane form | |
Rohai (Ro Hi) | Heron form, series of three | |
Sai San (Sei San) | Preying Mantis form | |
Whang Shu | Sparrow form | |
Jion | Ram form | |
Oh Sip Sa Bo | Tiger form | |
So Rim Jang Kwon | Shaolin Long Fist form | |
Tae Guk Kwon | Grand Ultimate Fist form |

